Its engineering that improves life !!!! (must watch)

Applying brain is only solution

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A father left 17 camels as an asset for his three sons.

When the father passed away, his sons opened up the will. The Will of the father stated that the eldest son should get half of 17 camels while the middle son should be given 1/3rd (one-third).The youngest son should be given 1/9th (one-ninth) of the 17 camels. 

As it is not possible to divide 17 into half or 17 by 3 or 17 by 9, three sons started to fight with each other.

So, the three sons decided to go to a wise man. The wise man listened patiently about the Will. The wise man, after giving this thought, brought one camel of his own and added the same to 17. That increased the total to 18 camels. Now, he started reading the deceased father’s will. Half of 18 = 9. So he gave the eldest son 9 camels 1/3rd of 18 = 6. So he gave the middle son 6 camels 1/9th of 18 = 2. So he gave the youngest son 2 camels. Now add this up: 9 plus 6 plus 2 is 17 and this leaves one camel, which the wise man took back.

Moral :The attitude of negotiation and problem solving is to find the 18th camel i.e. the common ground. Once a person is able to find the common ground, the issue is resolved. It is difficult at However, to reach a solution, the first step is to believe that there is a solution. If we think that there is no solution, we won’t be able to reach any!

YMCA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,FARIDABAD

mEchneXt

QUIZ

Correct answer +3 wrong answer -1.Avoid cutting                                                                                        Time : 20 min

Double answers will not be counted . avoid unfair means

1.  The number 65,000 expressed in scientific notation as a number between 1 and 10 times a power of ten is..??

      a)  0.65 × 10⁴     b) 6.5 × 10⁴    c) 65 × 10⁴     d)  650 × 10³

2. The number of millivolts in 0.06 kilovolts is..??

       a) 600 V      b)  6,000 mV     c) 60,000 mV      d) 600,000 mV

3. PSLV stands for??

            a) polarized sky lancer vehicle

            b) polar satellite launch vehicle

            c) piezo-static lancer vehicle

            d) public street loco vehicle

4. The angle of inclination of a vehicle when moving along a circular path __________ upon its mass.

a)  depends on mass of object           b)  depends on velocity of object

 c) independent                                 d) none

5. The function of an alternator in an automobile is to

                     a) supply electric power

                     b) convert mechanical energy into electrical energy

                     c) continually recharge the battery

                      d) partly convert engine power into electric power

6. A cycle consisting of one constant pressure, one constant volume and two isentropic processes is known as

                  a) Carnot cycle

                  b) Stirling cycle

                  c) Otto cycle

                  d) Diesel cycle

7. Recent PSLV launched by ISRO

            a) GSAT-5

            b) GSAT-12

            c) GSAT- 14

            d) GSAT-10

8. Q’s mother is sister of P and daughter of M. S is daughter of P and sister of T. how is M related to T?

a) grandmother  b) father  c) mother  d) grandfather or grandmother

9. Percentage of carbon in medium carbon steel

            a)0.3 to .7 %  b) 0.05 to 0.15%  c)0.15 to 0.2 %  d) 0.7 to 1.5 %

10. The second law of thermodynamics tells us about which of the following thermodynamic quantity?

a) entropy  b) internal energy c) gibb’s free energy d) work

11. Which of the following is used to measure discharge in an open channel?

 a) orifices b) venturimeters c) nozzles d) notches

12. Bernoulli’s theorem is based on?

a) principle of conservation of momentum  b) principle of conservation of energy

c) principle of  conservation of mass  d) equation of continuity

13. Maximum KE of a photoelectron emitted from the surface is dependent on

a) intensity of incident radiation  b)potential of collector electrode

c)frequency of incident radiation  d)the angle of incidence on radiation of surface

14.which of the following statement is wrong ?

a) plaster of paris is made from dolomite, bauxite and limestone

b) Highest temperature is represented by red colour

c) In ball bearing grease lubrication acts as boundary layer lubrication

d) diesel is always the most most efficient fuel for an automobile

15 choose the correct synonym for PROLIFIC

a)      scarce b) abundant c) beseech d) crave

16.if a gas is said to be at standard temperature and pressure , it means

a) temp is 15°C (288K) and pressure is 760mm of Hg 

b) temp is 0°C (273K) and pressure is 760 mm of Hg

c) temp is 25°C (298K) and pressure is 760 mm of Hg

d) temp is 0°C (273K) and pressure is 76mm of Hg

17.  3, 7, 6, 5, 9, 3, 12, 1, 15, (....)

              a) 18     b)  13        c)   -1        d)  3

18. If the resultant of two equal forces has the same magnitude as either of the forces, then the angle between the two forces is

       a) 30°     b) 60°       c)  90°        d) 120°

19. the choke is closed when the engine is

a) accelerating b) hot c) cold d) idling

20. paraffins are in general represented by

a) C_nH_2n+2  b) C_nH_2n c) C_n H_n  d) C_nH_2n-6

21. If N is the fan speed, then power of a fan is directly proportional to

a) N b) N²  c) N³  d) N⁴

22. In  a refrigerating machine, heat rejected is ______ heat absorbed

a) equal to  b)  less then  c) greater than  d) can’t be determined

23.An ordinary passenger aircraft requires a cooling system of capacity

a) 2TR  b) 8TR  c) 10TR  d) 12 TR

24. purpose of chuck in lathe is

a) to hold the tool  b) to hold the job  c) to control the rpm d ) to control the depth of cut

25 . Body of lathe machine is made of

a)      mild steel b) high carbon steel  d) high speed steel  d)cast iron

26. what are MEMS?

a)micro electromechanical systems  b) memory material systems

c) mechatronic eraseable memory systems d ) mechanical measuring systems

27. strictest emission norms are initiated in the world first in

a) London b) New delhi c) Tokyo d) California

28. manometers are used to measure

a) pressure b) velocity c) discharge d)area

29. dimensions of modulus of elasticity

a)ML²T^-1  b) ML^-1T^-1 c) ML^-1T^-2 d)MLT^-2

30. INDIA’s first nuclear powered submarine

a) INS shikra b) INS chakra c) INS bhoomi d) INS arihant

FILM ANTENNAS FOR AERODYNAMIC TRUCKS

In a partnership with Freightliner, Hirschmann Car Communication Inc. created a film antenna as part of an efficiency concept to make trucks more environmentally friendly and easier to maintain. The film antenna is integrated in the tractor body, making damage to the system impossible during operation, according to the electronics supplier; currently 20% of trucks’ conventional rod antennas require replacement within a year. The film antenna reportedly offers the best transmission and reception quality for CB radio, AM/FM stations, and weather information radio channels. 

The collaboration between Freightliner and Hirschmann began five years ago with work on Freightliner’s aerodynamically optimized Innovation Truck in 2009. The concept led to the development of the Cascadia Evolution, which launched in January 2013. Vice President of Sales and Marketing for Hirschmann, Oliver Neil said of the partnership, “Large trucks in North America used to have many bulky antennas on the roof, fenders, and mirrors. We now offer a system that enables our customer to develop the aerodynamic design without having to worry about the antennas. It is one of the first innovative components of the concept vehicle that went into series production.

Master's in turbocharging

WANT A MASTER'S IN TURBOCHARGING?? 

BorgWarner is working with the University of Huddersfield in the U.K. to establish a master's degree program in turbocharging engineering. The news came May 15 in a BorgWarner announcement outlining several developments in the U.K. (see below). Since 2011, BorgWarner has been collaborating with the University of Huddersfield on a Knowledge Transfer Partnership to research improvements in materials for turbocharger housings. The master's program would address commercial-vehicle and passenger-car applications. In related developments, BorgWarner will supply turbocharging technologies for JaguarLandRover's new family of four-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines that are slated to launch in 2015. To support the automaker's new Engine Manufacturing Centre near Wolverhampton, BorgWarner plans to expand on its existing production lines and build a new engineering center in Bradford. The supplier has produced turbocharging systems for several commercial engine makers in Bradford for almost 35 years; the new line will expand its turbocharger offerings to passenger cars. 

catia or solidworks

Q. I am really confused what should i do SOLIDWORKS OR CATIA? 
I AM FREE AT WEEKEND, SATURDAY AND SUNDAY, KINDLY SUGGEST SOMETHING THAT SHOULD I DO IN THESE WEEKENDS.

Ans. Hello,
Out of Solidworks and CATIA, we would recommend you to learn CATIA. This is because,

1. CATIA is a multi-platform software that can be used in three domains namely CAD, CAE and CAM. Whereas Solidworks is a single-platform software used for CAD only.

2. CATIA is preferred for working by most companies over Solidworks.

3. CATIA is a little difficult to learn and requires professional help in order to start working on this platform. Solidworks can easily be mastered without any help if you have a proficiency in CATIA.

Definition of a Fluid.

 A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously when subjected to a shear stress, no matter how small that shear stress may be. A shear force is the force component tangent to a surface, and this force divided by the area of the surface is the average shear stress over the area. Shear stress at a point is the limiting value of shear force to area as the area is reduced to the point.

Conceptual and numerical question for thermodynamics (2nd yr B.Tech mech student)

Thermodynamics Tute sheet -7

(the question in this tutorial sheet are from VAn wylen )

Real and Ideal Gases

QNo.1 A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contains butane at 25°C, 500kPa. Can the butane reasonably be assumed to behave as an ideal gas at this state?

QNo.2 A cylindrical gas tank 1m long, with inside diameter of 20 cm, is evacuated and then filled with CO₂ gas at 25°C. To what pressure should it be charged if there should be 1.2 kg of CO₂.                                         (2152kPa)

QNo.3 What is the percent error in specific volume if the ideal-gas model is used to represent the behaviour of superheated ammonia at 40°C and 500kPa? What if the generalized compressibility chart is used instead?                                                                                                                                                                        (4.5%,1.4%)  

QNo.4 Refrigerant R-32 is at -10°C with a quality 15%. Find the pressure and specific volume.                                                                                                                                                                            (925kPa, 0.007m³/kg)

QNo.5 Show that the van der Waals equation can be written as a cubic equation in the compressibility factor involving the reduced pressure and reduced temperature as –

                  Z³-(P_r/8T_r+1) Z² + (27P_r/64T_r²) Z - 27 P²_r/512 T³_r =0

QNo.6 One early attempt to improve on the van der Waals equation of state was an expression of the form

 P = (RT/ ʋ-b) – a/ ʋ²T, solve for the constants a,b, and ʋ_c  using the same procedure as for the van der Waals         equation.

QNo.7 A gas mixture at 120°C and 125kPa is 50% N₂, 30% H₂O and 20% O₂ on a mole basis. Find the mass fractions, the mixture gas constant, and the volume for 5kg of mixture.                                                                                                                                                                   (0.5427, 0.2094, 0.2479 ; 0.3221 kJ/kg K; 5.065 m³.)

 QNo.8 A new refrigant R-407 is a mixture of 23% R-32, 25%  R-125, and 52% R-134a on a mass basis. Find the mole fractions, the mixture gas constant and the mixture heat capacities for this new refrigerant.                                                                                       (0.381,0.180,0.439; 0.09645 kJ/kgK; 0.8298kJ/kg K; 0.7334kJ/kg K.)

QNo.9 A rigid insulated vessel contains 12 kg of oxygen at 200kPa and 280K separated by a membrane from 26kg of carbon dioxide at 400kPa and 360K. The membrane is removed, and the mixture comes to a uniform state. Find the final temperature and pressure of the mixture.                                         334.5K; 305.7kPa

QNo.10 An insulated gas turbine receives a mixture of 10% CO_2, 10% H₂O, and 80% N₂ on a mass basis at 1000K and 500 kPa. The inlet volume flow rate is 2m³/s, and the exhaust is at 700kPa. Find the power output in kW using constant specific heat from the table A.5 (or other relevant table) at 300K .             (1096 kW)

********

REGARDING MANUAL COUNSELING FOR VACANT/LEFTOVER SEAT (M.Tech./B.Tech./MBA)

Following Dates of Manual Counseling has been set by YMCA UST, Faridabad for different courses:

M.Tech.
Date of Manual Counseling: 12/08/2013(9:00 a.m.)

MBA
Date of  Manual Counseling: 12/08/2013(9:00 a.m.)

B.Tech.
Date of Manual Counseling: 14/08/2013(9:00 a.m.)

Click here to download complete information brochure regarding above.

Turbocharger:-
A turbocharger, or turbo is a forced induction device used to allow more power to be produced by an engine of a given size.A turbocharged engine can be more powerful and efficient than a naturally aspirated engine because the turbine forces more air, and proportionately more fuel, into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure alone.

Turbos are commonly used on truck, car, train, aircraft, and construction equipment engines. Turbos are popularly used with Otto cycle and Diesel cycle internal combustion engines. They have also been found useful in automotive fuel cells.

This blog will help all the mechanical engineering undergraduates studying in India . especially those studying in Y.M.C.A University of science and technology, Faridabad.

BEST BOOKS FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBJECT 

AUTHOR

Engg. Thermodynamics
      PK Nag

IC Engine
           ML Mathur and RP Sharma

Gas Turbine and Propulsive Systems
           PR Khajuria & SP Dubey

Fluid Mechanics
          Modi & Seth, DS KUMAR, RK Bansal

Compressible Flow
           SM Yahya

Heat and Mass Transfer
            JP Hollman 
           RC Sachdeva

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
           CP Arora 
         Domkundwar

Fluid Machinery
           Jagdish Lal 
           RK Bansal

Theory of Machines
           RS Khurmi 
           Malik & Ghosh

           SS RATTAN 
           

Mechanical Vibration
            Grover

Machine Design
          Shigley
         VB Bhandari , PS GILL

Material Science
      WD Callister 
       IP Singh

Production Engg.
     Kalpkjian Schmid 
     Amitabh Ghosh & AK Malik

Industrial Engg.
     O P Khanna
     Buffa & Sarin

Operations Research
       Kanti Swarup

Strength of Materials
       Gere & Timoshenko
      BC unamia
      Sadhu Singh

How to find dryness fraction of steam using throttling calorimeter.

Aim: To measure the dryness fraction of steam using throttling calorimeter.

Theory:
A throttling calorimeter used to determine the dryness fraction of steam is shown in Fig.
It consists of a separator A into which steam is admitted through a control valve from the
steam main. The pressure and temperature are measured by the pressure gauge and the
thermometer T1 provided in this section. It may be noted that temperature recorded by T1
is same as the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of steam in
calorimeter B.
Fig

This steam is then throttled through a narrow aperture of restricted valve openings, its

total heat remaining constant. The steam is in the superheated state after throttling at a

lower pressure than previous. The temperature and pressure of steam leaving the

calorimeter B is noted by the thermometer T2 and manometer respectively.

Let P1 = Pressure of steam before throttling, i.e. pressure of steam main,

P2 = Pressure of steam after throttling,

hf1 = Sensible heat of water at pressure P1, … (From steam tables)

hfg1 = Latent heat of steam at pressure P1, … (From steam tables)

hg2 = Total heat of dry steam at pressure P2, … (From steam tables)

tsup = Temperature of superheated steam after throttling,

t2 = Saturation temperature at pressure P2, … (From steam tables)

cp = Specific heat of superheated steam, and

x = Dryness fraction of steam before throttling.

Since the steam has undergone a throttling process, therefore

Total heat before throttling = Total heat after throttling

hf1+ x hfg1 = hg2 + cp (tsup – t2)

The condition for the successful operation of this calorimeter is that the stam must be

superheated after throttling. This condition requires a high dryness fraction of steam

before throttling. This calorimeter can not be used if the dryness fraction of the steam s

above 0.95. The minimum dryness fraction of the steam can be measured by throttling

calorimeter depends upon the initial pressure of the steam as the pressure after throttling

remains near atmospheric.

Precautions:

1. The whole apparatus must be perfectly dry as the presence of moisture shows

differ results.

2. The connection should be leak proof.

3. The sampling pipe fitting with steam main should be proper.

4. The thermometer should be placed properly.

5. The reading of water thermometer should be read accurately.

UNION PUBLIC SERVICE EXAMINATION NOTICE 

To view the UPSC examination notice click here

Need for suspension in our car

Why do we have suspension on our car?? Well if the roads were perfect we wouldn't need any form of suspension. Unfortunately..... roads are far from perfect. To keep the shocks and bumps away from the passengers engineers have developed all kind of mechanism's to keep the shocks and bumps away. Basically all mechanism's use something which can deform to provide a flexible medium between the road and the car itself. This flexible medium can be all kind of things i.e. Torsion bars Coil springs Rubber Hydro pneumatic elements Even the wheel itself can be used as a kind of suspension....(In go-karts for example) but more often than not, just the wheel is not enough. When a wheel hits a bump it compresses the suspension (i.e. energy is stored in the suspension) after the bump the stored energy wants to flow back....As a result when you hit a bump without shock absorbers the suspension would continue to go up and down. The shock absorber absorbs the energy generated by hitting the bump and prevents the suspension to continue its up and down movement. Well that is the basic part of the suspension.....not to difficult hey??..... now to let a wheel move up and down is another thing....What functions does the suspension perform? It has to carry the car and its weight......big deal!! It has to keep the wheels perpendicular to the road for maximum grip It has to take the forces for accelerating or braking the car It has to take the torque created from the driveline It has to take the forces involved when cornering the car

Technical Interview questions:

Q What happens if gasoline is used in a Diesel engine?Diesel engine will work ?
No, It will not work,as the Compression ratio of Petrol engine is 6 to 10 & that of Diesel engine is 15 to 22. Thus on such high compression, gasoline gets highly compressed & it may blast.

Q Which Mechanism is used in Automobile gearing system?
Differential mechanism

Q Why different types of sound are produced in different bikes though they say run on SI engine
Engine specifications are different in different manufactures like as Bore Diameter(CC), Ignition timing.Also the exhaust passage take more responsible for sound.

Q Why entropy decreases with the increase in temperature?
ds=dQ/TEntropy is inversely proportional to the temperature so.as temp. increases,entropy decreases.

Q 1 hp how much watt?
746.2Watt

Q How to calculate bearing number to diameter of the inner and outer?
Divide the shaft diameter size by 5, it will give last two digitof the bearing no. and according to type of load we have tochose the type of bearing and that will give prior no. ofthe bearing.

Q Explain Bicycle rear wheel Sprocket working?
Rear wheel sprocket works under the principle of ratchet and pawl.

Comparison between AC and DC welding:-

AC WELDING:-
1. Equipment is cheaper and simpler.

2. In AC transformer there is no moving part, therefore it is easy to maintain. 

3. It can be operated at large distances from power sources as the voltage drop is negligible.

4. Only coated electrodes can be used in AC welding.

5. Less problem of arc blow.

6. It cam not be used for welding non-ferrous metals.

7. It can be used only when AC current is available.

DC WELDING:-

1. Equipment is costlier and complicated.

2. DC generator set has many parts moving and its maintenance cost is higher than AC transformers.

3. In DC the voltage drop is very high. Therefore shorter cables are used.

4. Both coated and bare electrods can be used.

5. More problem of arc blow.

6. Almost all the metals can be welded.

7. An engine generator can be used in case of non-availability of AC power.

A peculiar question which some mech. professors ask, to which most of the mechanical engineering students go blank is- " what is mechanical engineering called in hindi "?  answer to this question is - "abhiyantrik abhiyanta"